The bending behavior of concrete columns strengthened by Fibreglass Composite Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) rods. GFRP strengthening material has surfaced as a viable substitute for traditional steel strengthening due to its superior strength compared to weight coefficient and resistance to corrosion& resistance to aggressive environmental conditions. However, in contrast to steel reinforcement, GFRP bars often demonstrate linear elasticity behavior until breakdown occurs or may not possess a distinct yielding stage. Consequently, GFRP-reinforced concrete beams may demonstrate limited ductility and different cracking and deflection characteristics in contrast to traditional steel-supported concrete frameworks..

Digital investigations increasingly demand access to vast quantities of personal data, yet international human rights law, data protection regimes, and emerging AI regulation impose stringent constraints on how such data may be collected, processed, analysed, and shared across jurisdictions. The prevailing investigative paradigm treats privacy protection as a procedural constraint external to the investigation process rather than an architectural principle embedded within it. This paper argues that this paradigm is both legally inadequate under contemporary regulatory frameworks and technically unnecessary given advances in privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs)..